Paul Kahn
Dynamic Diagrams
Visualization in Early Hypertext Systems
Xerox PARC NoteCards
Hypertext system for browsing linked cards of information, circa 1985. Browser card used a b-tree created from the link structure.
IRIS Intermedia
Early system (circa 1987) attempted to create a global link map. The later IRIS Intermedia web view showed a "nearest neighbor map" for the document in the active window, along with a history of the user's actions.
Storyspace
Storyspace is a hypertext system originally developed to support writing process. Used for both educational and hypertext-fiction applications. The Storyspace map shows nested containers with links between containers at the same level shown as lines and arrows.
Sources
- Jeff Conklin, "Hypertext: An Introduction and Survey"
- This essay contains excellent illustrations of many early hypertext systems. It was originally created as a report for MCC. An abbreviated version was published in IEEE Computer, 20, 9 (Sept. 1987) and reprinted in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work: A Book of Readings, edited by Irene Greif, Morgan Kaufmann, 1988.
- Frank Halasz, Tom Moran, Randy Trigg, "Notecards in a Nutshell", Proceedings of the ACM CHI+GI Conference, Austin, December, 1986.
- A robust hypertext system developed at Xerox PARC for use by the CIA. The "browser" would build a map of nodes and links starting from a single card.
- Kenneth Utting and Nicole Yankelovich, "Context and Orientation in Hypermedia Networks," ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 7, 1 (January 1989), and Bernard Haan et al., "IRIS Hypermedia Services," Communications of the ACM, 35, 1 (January 1992).
- Intermedia was built at Brown University over the period 1985-1991. It included a number of methods for visualizing a hypertext "web" including a global map, local star map, overview diagram, final web view
